A Resilience Space Focusing on Municipal Critical Infrastructures’ Electricity Dependence

Abstract

This article addresses the growing vulnerability of municipal critical infrastructures to their dependence on electricity, a situation exacerbated by complex interdependencies. Major power outages, considered systemic risks, are difficult to anticipate and control. Moreover, within a given territory, such outages affect a wide range of infrastructures simultaneously. Consequently, consequence management requires collaborative and adaptive governance among all relevant stakeholders to mitigate impacts on populations. In this context, the concept of a resilience space is introduced. It is defined as a structured framework bringing together municipal actors and the power grid operator to strengthen both individual and collective resilience through enhanced cooperation. The central tool is the Common Situational Picture, which maps infrastructures’ response capacities and vulnerabilities, thereby supporting shared understanding and the development of adapted strategies. The implementation of the resilience space in the Montréal region has demonstrated significant benefits: improved identification of vulnerable sectors, adaptation of municipal emergency plans, and strengthened relationships among all involved stakeholders. The sustainability of this approach relies on clear governance, secure information sharing, and neutral leadership. It is becoming increasingly critical in the face of emerging challenges related to the energy transition and climate change.