Changement climatique, perte d'écosystèmes et risques d'inondation: Faire le point à l'aide du cas de Burlington
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.25071/xmz4qm28Mots-clés :
risque d'inondation, solutions basées sur la nature, changement climatique, perte de biodiversité, réduction des risques des catastrophes, Burlington, Ontario, CanadaRésumé
Les phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes, le changement climatique et la perte de biodiversité sont liés à la fois par la cause et par la solution. Les effets du changement climatique sont déjà visibles : la fréquence et l’ampleur des phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes augmentent, ce qui compromet les progrès réalisés dans le monde entier en matière de développement durable. Ces effets sont amplifiés par un développement non durable et non planifié, qui entraîne une perte de biodiversité et de services écosystémiques, réduisant encore la capacité des communautés à réagir et à se rétablir. Avec l’augmentation du réchauffement, la fréquence et l’intensité de ces aléas augmenteront également, tout en rendant plus difficiles l’adaptation et l’atténuation des catastrophes, c’est-à-dire des conséquences des aléas. Les solutions fondées sur la nature permettent d’atténuer les effets du changement climatique et de s’y adapter, de réduire les risques de catastrophes, d’améliorer la biodiversité et de créer des communautés durables et résilientes. Il s’agit d’approches rentables qui conservent, restaurent et améliorent l’environnement naturel. À partir de l’inondation de 2014 dans la ville de Burlington (Ontario, Canada), cette étude fait le point sur les risques d’inondation dans la région et sur la façon dont les solutions fondées sur la nature offrent des avantages connexes significatifs pour la réduction des risques de catastrophe.
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