Coproduction par le bénévolat dans la gestion des urgences : Tirer des leçons de l'initiative canadienne de réinstallation des réfugiés syriens
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.25071/mka7xs12Mots-clés :
coproduction, bénévolat, gestion des bénévoles, gestion des urgences, bénévoles spontanés, réinstallation, ensemble de la sociétéRésumé
Le domaine de la gestion des urgences encourage de plus en plus la notion de gestion des urgences comme une responsabilité partagée et développée de pair avec tous les membres de la société ayant un rôle à jouer. Dans ces efforts au sein de l’ensemble de la société, les bénévoles jouent un rôle direct dans la co-production des résultats de l’intervention. La réinstallation massive de réfugiés syriens au Canada en 2015 en est un bon exemple, les Canadiens s’étant mobilisés en masse pour assurer la réussite de la réinstallation de milliers de réfugiés syriens. En examinant le rôle des bénévoles dans cette initiative de coproduction, deux leçons importantes peuvent être tirées pour les personnes chargées de la gestion des situations d’urgence : la première consiste à tirer des enseignements des stratégies de gestion des bénévoles mises en œuvre par les agences de réinstallation, qui sont applicables à toute entité chargée de gérer les efforts d’intervention à l’échelle de la société. La deuxième leçon (et peut-être la plus importante) est que ceux qui gèrent les efforts d’intervention de l’ensemble de la société doivent reconnaître que la valeur est co-créée par trois relations-clés, une triade entre les bénévoles, les entités d’intervention et ceux qui sont directement touchés par une catastrophe. Chacune de ces relations doit être mieux comprise et gérée afin d’obtenir des résultats plus efficaces en matière de réponse aux situations d’urgence dans le cadre d’initiatives à l’échelle de la société tout entière.
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